The Apache Resistance in the Guadalupe Mountains The Apache Resistance in the Guadalupe Mountains: An Overlooked Theater of the Wars in the Old West Introduction The early settlement period (1800-1850)…
Lieutenant Colonel Samuel F. Tappan: Advocate for Reform After the Sand Creek MassacreLieutenant Colonel Samuel F. Tappan: A Voice for ChangeLieutenant Colonel Samuel F. Tappan emerged as a notable figure…
Lieutenant Colonel Andrew Jackson Smith: Buffalo Soldier Officer in Apache CampaignsLieutenant Colonel Andrew Jackson Smith played a pivotal role in the Old West as a Buffalo Soldier officer during the…
The Role of the Silver City Opera House: Bringing Culture and Entertainment to the Frontier TownDuring the Gold Rush Era (1848-1855), the Silver City Opera House emerged as a pivotal…
The Rail Camp Workers of Promontory Point: Builders of the Transcontinental LinkThe construction of the transcontinental railroad marked a pivotal moment in American history, symbolizing economic development and the unification…
Butterfield Line Operators: Driving the First Cross-Country Stage RoutesThe Butterfield Overland Mail Company, founded in 1858, became pivotal in establishing reliable transportation and communication across the expansive American frontier. While…
The Apaches’ Use of the Mogollon Rim: A Strategic Location for Raids and Refuge During the Civil War PeriodDuring the tumultuous years of the Civil War (1861-1865), the Apache tribes…
The Great Northern Railway: Supporting Northern Development Without Federal SubsidiesDuring the tumultuous years of the Civil War (1861-1865), the United States faced significant economic and social challenges. While most railroads…
The Role of the Butterfield Trail: Bringing Early Settlers and Mail Through Grant CountyThe Butterfield Trail, established in the 1850s, played a crucial role in the development of the Old…
The Vaqueros: Early Spanish Cowboys Who Shaped Southwestern CultureThe vaqueros, the Spanish-speaking cowhands of the American Southwest, played a pivotal role in shaping the culture of the region, particularly during…